Drip Irrigation 101: Best Systems for Efficient Watering

Water is essential for plants or green spaces to thrive. Growers should apply significant water, proper sunlight, and a sufficient nutrient supply to yield healthy plants. Water promotes plant growth, but in dry environments, plants do not have the potential to uptake nutrients. So, water application in green spaces has significant issues associated with it. 

Large amounts of water increase the gardening footprint when applied to plants. Over-watering and under-watering are also significant issues that may lead to water runoff or plant wilting, respectively. Methods of sustainable irrigation are needed to stop valuable water from being wasted.

Drip irrigation systems are an effective way to improve water efficiency in green spaces. With these systems, growers may apply water directly to the roots. Moreover, growers do not have to throw away excess water; instead, using the precise volume is helpful as there are little to no chances of water runoff or evaporation. 

Explore Growcycle for the best drip irrigation systems with maximum efficiency. Growers can also get comprehensive details about the varying water requirements of different plants and optimal ways to develop healthy green lawns.

What are drip irrigation systems?

Drip irrigation systems have become a sustainable alternative to traditional plant watering practices. They release water to the plant base or within the roots to minimize water loss via evaporation or surface runoff. Growers can save considerable amounts of water while also improving the vegetation's health through these irrigation systems. 

Small amounts of water only go to the required areas instead of whole green spaces to ensure the efficiency of such systems. They use an environmentally friendly approach to promote water conservation, prevent soil erosion, and facilitate growers with lush green and healthy lawns and gardens. 

Types of drip irrigation systems

There are several types of drip irrigation systems, each with unique features suited for different needs:

1. Surface Irrigation System

In the surface irrigation system, growers place the tubes on the soil's surface. The tubes contain emitters from where water interacts with the soil and plants. This type of Drip Irrigation effectively waters the plants grown in a row.

Pros:

• It allows precise plant water application, meaning minimal water loss via runoff or excess evaporation. 

• The system offers energy efficiency as gravity is responsible for watering the plants.
• Have less chance of soil erosion.

Cons:

• Surface drip irrigation systems' tubes and components are placed openly, exposing them to wear and tear.
• The material is prone to corrosion and solar degradation.
• Plants receive direct water where weeds and other fungal diseases can attack.

2. Inline Drip Irrigation

In Inline Drip Irrigation, the pipes have emitters attached. When the pipe receives water, it is released directly to the plants via these emitters. Growers can effectively irrigate their most extensive gardens and landscapes via Drip irrigation.

Pros:

• It saves considerable amounts of water. 
• Effectively meet the water requirements of different plant parts. 

Cons:

• The tubing of inline drip irrigation can be impacted by heavy foot traffic. 
• Plants that require watering deep in the roots are not suitable to irrigate with inline drip irrigation. 
• Costly option as compared to others. 

3. Micro Sprinkler Irrigation System

In a Micro Sprinkler Irrigation System, various sprinklers of small sizes are connected to the irrigation pipe. These sprinklers water the plants with low pressure during watering. This slower and continuous water application is beneficial for sandy soils. 

Pros:

• Growers can set the sprinkles size and pressure based on the varying water requirements of different plants.
• A consistent and accurate water supply promotes healthy root growth in different soil types. 
• This type of Drip irrigation can even moisten up poorly aerated soils. 

Cons:

• Consistent watering on poorly aerated soils may cause water runoff. 
• During high winds, the fine droplets from micro sprinklers may not water the targeted area, leading to uneven water distribution. 
• Dirt particles may clog the sprinklers, so growers should regularly monitor and maintain them.

4. Subsurface Drip Irrigation

Subsurface Drip Irrigation allows growers to place the pipes below the soil surface. In this type of Drip irrigation, roots, and soil get the water directly instead of plants. Usually, growers may add a thin layer of mulch to the subsurface drip irrigation soils. 

Pros:

• Due to no water runoff or evaporation, growers can save sufficient water.
• Lack of water application to the vegetation minimizes the risks of weeds and insects that may attack the moist plants. 
• This Drip irrigation allows topsoil prevention.

Cons:

• Pipes and tubes are continuously exposed to the soil, which may increase the risk of clogging. 
• It requires careful installation and frequent maintenance measures. 

Best drip irrigation systems for Efficient Watering

The best drip irrigation systems for efficient watering are those that conserve water, deliver it precisely to plant roots, and require minimal maintenance. Here are some top types and options known for their efficiency:

1. Gilmour Flat Weeper Hose 50’

Gilmour Flat Weeper Hose 50’ is manufactured using recyclable vinyl material. It is 50 feet long, and throughout its length are holes through which it gradually waters the plant roots. It is covered with fabric to prevent soil from clogging the hose. It can withstand bending, and couplings can bear weight without getting damaged.

Growers can effectively water recently established seedlings or small plants. This irrigation system suits vegetables, flower beds, and areas with closely spaced plants. It is specifically suitable for irrigating plants that require continuous moisture to thrive. 

Growers may place the Gilmour Flat Weeper Hose on the ground or lay it deep in the soil. For underground placement, a fine layer of mulch should be applied to the soil. After placement, ensure a water connection to allow watering to green space for healthier vegetation and a better harvest. 

2. Rain Drip 1/4" Drip A Long Fit 50" 

Rain Drip ¼” Drip A Long Fit 50” has a tubing diameter of ¼ inches and a length of 4 feet. Several emitters along its length work to evenly water the plants throughout the tube. Due to its durable plastic, it offers significant resistance to UV Sunlight and can withstand changing levels of sunlight exposure. 

Growers do not have to perform frequent maintenance for clogging, as the material is resistant to clogs. The system is adjustable enough to be placed along different plant beds without damage. 

Growers who want to water their closely planted vegetables, shrubs, or flower beds can use this. It is set along the plant row, and the emitters release water gradually to the plant roots. It offers easy assembly where growers can secure the tubing with a mainline drip irrigation pipe, and end caps regulate water pressure.  

3. Dewitt 15-Gallon Dew Right Drip Irrigation Water Bag

Dewitt 15-Gallon Dew Right Drip Irrigation Water Bag, unlike other drip irrigation systems, does not contain tubers and emitters; instead, a 15-gallon capacity bag waters the plants. The bag is manufactured using green-coated polypropylene, which is sufficiently resistant to UV light, making it a durable and lasting option for outdoor gardens. 

Dewitt Dew Right bag is the most suitable option for gardens with new trees and shrubs. When planted, trees require huge amounts of water to sustain and are prone to drought stress. Growers can use these bags to cope with water deficiency in newly planted or mature trees.  

The bag is easy to install and only requires one or two weekly refills. Growers should place them correctly at the trees' base, allowing gradual water release deep in the roots. For larger trees, growers may join another bag of the same capacity. 

4. Autopot 4 Pot XL System

The Autopot 4 Pot XL System contains four pots, each 6.6 gallons, and a reservoir of 12.4 gallons. The system uses polypropylene and has four Aquavalves, one in each pot, which regulate water flow to the plant roots. 

Growers can install multiple plants of varying types and sizes in these pots, and the reservoir effectively waters them via gravity. This easy-to-maintain product has the potential to conserve around 50% of water and fertilizers compared to any other irrigation method. 

Growers can considerably save their labor of manual watering using these energy-efficient irrigation pots. Efficient water application to the plant roots ensures well-flourishing and resilient plants with extensive root networks. Once the reservoir is filled, it may supply water to the plant-bearing pots for days. Growers may effectively grow and maintain healthy and vibrant plants for either indoor or outdoor spaces. 

5. Dig GE200 Drip and Micro Sprinkler Kit

Dig GE200 Drip and Micro Sprinkler Kit is ideal for growers with larger lawns, gardens, or any other type of green space. It is a versatile option that caters to the water requirements of roses, mature trees, shrubs, and vegetation in sloped areas. It contains 11 micro sprinklers releasing water drops at a pressure of 25 PSI. The water flow rate from the micro sprinklers is variable, and growers can set it based on different plant requirements.  

Plastic is the key material used in its manufacturing. It is resistant to damage and can withstand intense UV light exposure. The sturdy material ensures the product remains durable for a long time. 

A good aspect of this irrigation system is that it offers drippers and Micro sprinklers. The drippers and Micro sprinklers can release a gradual water supply directly into the upper soil layer or the vegetation. The kit contains 122 necessary components, which growers can assemble quickly and let their plants enjoy efficient watering. 

How to Set up a Drip Irrigation System Effectively?

Growers should install the drip irrigation systems correctly. Neglecting the specific needs of plants during installation may not benefit them properly. Here are the few steps growers should consider while setting up a Drip irrigation system;

Measure the Green Space

First, growers should know the size of the area where they want to install the Drip irrigation system. They should also consider the plant types in that area to determine which drip irrigation works best. 

Install a Water Supply

The area should contain a proper water source to connect with the drip irrigation pipe. Growers may insert a pressure regulator with the water source so the roots only get the required water flow. 

Place the Tubing

Then, growers should go for the tubing placement. They may lay it down straight along the plant rows or roll it along the closely grown group of plants to ensure even water application. Growers may use additional components like clippings to ensure the tubing stays in its place and water all the areas where it is required. 

Assemble Components

The assembly of components is specific to different types of green spaces. Growers usually attach emitters to the tubing to ensure the gradual water release from the tubing to the plants or roots. Barbed connectors are effective in reliably attaching the components. 

Monitor for Efficient Results

Growers should monitor the drip irrigation systems once they are installed and working. Regular clean-up and checking for broken or malfunctioning components are crucial for optimal performance.

Drip irrigation systems vs. Sprinkler Systems

Drip irrigation and sprinkler systems are both popular methods for watering plants, but they operate differently and are suited for different situations.

Benefits of using drip irrigation systems

Drip irrigation systems offer numerous benefits, especially in terms of water conservation, plant health, and overall gardening efficiency. Here are the key advantages of using drip irrigation:

• Water Conservation

In drip irrigation systems, water is applied directly to the roots. If growers water the soil surface to meet plants' water needs, sufficient amounts of water are wasted by runoff or evaporation. However, drip irrigation systems prevents this water loss by uptaking water with 90% efficiency. This way, growers can save valuable water by opting for this irrigation system. 

• Better Vegetation

With drip irrigation systems, plants get a consistent water supply. The system allows only the required amount of water to reach the roots and the soil, preventing plants from over- or under-watering. This adequate water supply to the roots promotes healthier roots, improving overall plant health and vegetation. 

• Minimizes Disease Attacks

Plants are prone to various fungal and other diseases if water stays in the soil for a long time. Several plant diseases are associated with damp environments. Applying water via a Drip Irrigation System allows it to reach only roots and soil, preventing or minimizing plant disease risks. 

• Healthier Green Spaces

Lawns and gardens with optimal water supply develop healthier plants that are resilient to several stresses. Plants and grasses grown with sufficient water supply grow denser and thicker, with a lush green and premium appearance. Growers can enjoy weed- and pest-free lawns, orchards, and ornamental spaces with effective drip irrigation systems. 

• Requires Less Manual Labor

Due to drip irrigation systems, growers do not have to water the larger areas manually. They install this system once and turn on the water supply when the plants need it. In around 30 minutes, the area gets adequate water. 

• Effectively Irrigates Different Green Spaces

Drip irrigation systems can effectively supply water to green spaces, including extensive gardens, lawns, agricultural lands, and container plants. Growers can place multiple drip tapes in a row to water a vegetable garden, ensuring a consistent water supply to all the plants. For container plants, growers may opt for micro-emitters, as they contain minimal soil and need little water. 

• Prevents Topsoil

Soil erosion is one of the significant issues that increases further when plants are exposed to overwatering. Drip irrigation systems may water the soil gradually and consistently, due to which plants get only the required moisture. This moisture effectively traps the soil in its place, preventing the fertile layer of topsoil.

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Mistakes to avoid while using drip irrigation systems

Here are common mistakes to avoid in drip irrigation to improve efficiency and effectiveness:

• Avoid using a single drip setup for all plants; adjust water flow and frequency for each plant type.
• Don’t install drip lines in unnecessary areas like pathways or low-water spots.
• Perform regular maintenance to prevent clogging and damage from soil, hard water, or debris.
• Adjust watering schedules seasonally to avoid overwatering or underwatering.
• Check soil moisture levels before watering, as sunlight, soil type, and climate impact water needs.

FAQs

What is the principle of the Drip Irrigation System?

Drip irrigation systems work by watering and feeding the plant roots directly. This prevents sufficient beneficial water and nutrients from going to waste. The drip irrigation system allows gradual water flow to the soil, thus meeting the plants’ water requirements for a long time. 

What is the maximum pressure of a Drip Irrigation System?

Drip irrigation systems work ideally on the 20 to 30 pounds per square inch. Higher than this range can significantly damage the emitters of the drip irrigation systems. 

Which soil is best for the drip irrigation systems?

Drip irrigation systems are effective in irrigating different types of soils. However, clay soils are the best for watering with this system. Such soils absorb water gradually, which aligns best with the gradual water supply of drip irrigation systems. 

The Bottom Line

Drip irrigation systems provide several environmental benefits, including improved plant yields, healthier vegetation, and resilient green gardens. To maximize these benefits, growers should follow specific practices for efficient watering. For example, placing emitters close to plant roots ensures that only the needed area receives water. Adding filters can also help keep the system free from dirt or debris.

Following these simple steps, growers can save on nutrients and conserve water. Additionally, they can consult learning guides from Growcycle, a helpful resource for gardening knowledge and products.

Disclaimer: This material is for informational purposes only and should not be relied on for legal, medical, financial, or any other form of professional advice.

About the Author

Victor Miller

Environmental Journalist Focused on Sustainable Agriculture

Victor Miller is an environmental journalist at Growcycle, where he covers the latest news, trends, and innovations in sustainable agriculture. He has a deep passion for storytelling that emphasizes ecological balance and responsible farming practices.

Before joining Growcycle, Victor worked for several agricultural and environmental publications, reporting on significant environmental issues and interviewing key figures in the sustainability sector. His work has been featured in various industry journals and online platforms.