Growing scallions: Fresh, flavorful greens all year round

Many people like the idea of growing vegetables at home, but it can be difficult. Small spaces, insufficient sunlight, and specific soil needs make some vegetables hard to grow. Plants like tomatoes, peppers, or zucchini need big garden beds, care, and patience. Scallions are a simple and easy option for home gardeners. They are a kind of young onion that goes by several names, including green onions and spring onions.

Scallions grow well in small containers, making them ideal for people with limited space or no garden. Growcycle helps farmers to grow scallions by offering step-by-step guides, expert advice, and premium seeds for home gardeners. They also provide tools like grow lights and hydroponic systems, making year round cultivation easy.

What Are Scallions?

Scallions, often called green onions or spring onions, are a type of onion known for their slender, elongated shape and mild flavor. They are harvested early before the bulb fully develops, which gives them a distinctive appearance: long, hollow green stalks and small white bases. Both the stalks and the white parts are edible and widely used in cooking.

Unlike mature onions that develop large, rounded bulbs, scallions remain thin and cylindrical throughout their growth. Their green stalks are tender and slightly grassy, while the white base offers a mild, sweet onion taste. This combination makes scallions versatile in culinary applications, as they add flavor without overpowering dishes.

One of the unique features of scallions is their ability to grow quickly and continuously when properly harvested. They are a favorite among home gardeners because they can be regrown from scraps, making them a sustainable and cost-effective ingredient.

Scallions are also distinguished by their adaptability. They thrive in small spaces, such as pots or containers, and can even grow in water, making them ideal for people with limited gardening space or experience. Their ability to grow indoors or outdoors year-round further sets them apart from other vegetables.

Common Varieties of Scallions

Scallions can refer to several types of onions that share similar features, though their growth habits and characteristics may vary:

Key Differences Across Varieties

• Flavor: White bunching and Welsh onions have a milder, sweeter taste, while spring onions and red scallions tend to be stronger and more pungent.
• Appearance: Spring onions have slightly larger, bulbous bases, whereas true scallions, like white bunching onions, remain cylindrical. Red scallions add a pop of color.
• Growth Habits: True scallions like white bunching and Welsh onions are perennial and can regrow continuously, while spring onions are typically seasonal.
• Culinary Uses: All varieties can be used raw or cooked, but their flavors and textures may dictate their suitability for specific dishes.

How to Grow Scallions

Scallions are one of the easiest vegetables to grow at home. Whether starting from seeds, scraps, or transplant seedlings, the process is simple and suitable for both new and experienced gardeners. Here is a detailed guide to growing scallions successfully:

Planting Seeds

Growing scallions from seeds is a cost-effective method that provides an abundant supply. Follow these steps to get started:

• Soak scallion seeds in lukewarm water for 12-24 hours before planting. This softens the seed coat and improves germination rates.
• After soaking, drain the seeds and let them dry slightly for easy handling.
• Scallions thrive in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter.
• Choose a location with full sun or partial shade, depending on the climate.
• Use small pots, seed trays, or a prepared garden bed for planting.
• Sow seeds about ¼ inch (0.5 cm) deep into the soil. Cover lightly with fine soil or compost.
• Space seeds approximately 1-2 inches apart to allow for proper growth.
• Water the soil gently to keep it moist but not soggy.
• Maintain consistent moisture levels, especially during germination. Avoid overwatering, which can lead to rot.
• Cover the pots or trays with a clear plastic lid or plastic wrap to create a greenhouse effect. This helps retain moisture and warmth.
• Remove the cover when seedlings emerge, typically within 7-14 days.
• Once seedlings are a few inches tall, thin them out to maintain proper spacing of about 2-3 inches between plants.

Re-Growing Scallions from Scraps

Scallions are incredibly versatile and can be regrown from kitchen scraps, making them an eco-friendly and sustainable option.

• After using the green tops, save the white base with roots attached. Aim for about 1-2 inches of the white part.
• Place the scallion roots upright in a glass or jar with about 1 inch of water. Ensure the roots are submerged while keeping the white base above water.
• Set the jar in a sunny windowsill for best results.
• Refresh the water every 2-3 days to prevent stagnation and ensure the roots stay healthy.
• Within a few days, green shoots will begin to grow. Once they reach about 6 inches tall, growers can harvest them.
• For a longer-lasting supply, transplant the rooted scallions into the soil. This provides them with more nutrients for continuous growth.

Transplanting Tips

If growers start scallions from seeds or scraps indoors, transplanting them into larger pots or garden beds can help them thrive.

• Transplant seedlings when they are about 4-6 inches tall and have developed sturdy roots.
• Wait until the roots are at least 1 inch long for scraps grown in water.
• Choose a pot with good drainage or a garden bed enriched with compost.
• Ensure the soil is loose and well-aerated to allow roots to grow freely.
• Gently loosen the seedlings or rooted scraps from their current container. Handle them carefully to avoid damaging the roots.
• Dig small holes about 2 inches apart and deep enough to cover the roots completely.
• Place the plant into the hole, ensuring the white base is just above the soil line. Firmly pat the soil around the base to secure the plant.
• Water the plants immediately after transplanting to help them settle into their new environment.
• Protect the transplanted scallions from harsh sunlight or strong winds for a few days to allow them to adjust.
• Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
• Fertilize lightly every few weeks to encourage healthy growth.

Scallions Care Guide

Scallions are low-maintenance plants, but proper care ensures healthy growth, continuous harvests, and protection against pests and diseases.

1. Watering

Scallions thrive in consistently moist soil but do not tolerate waterlogged conditions. Water them lightly 2-3 times per week or whenever the top inch of soil feels dry.

• Avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot or fungal diseases.
• Use a watering can or hose with a gentle spray setting to prevent soil erosion around the roots.
• Increase watering frequency during hot or dry weather to prevent the plants from drying out.

2. Fertilizing

Scallions benefit from balanced, nitrogen rich fertilizers to promote leafy green growth.

• Use organic options like compost, well-rotted manure, or fish emulsion.
• Alternatively, apply a general-purpose fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or similar.
• Apply fertilizer every 2-4 weeks during the growing season.
• Avoid over-fertilizing, as excessive nitrogen can lead to weak growth or increased disease susceptibility.

3. Pruning Tips

Regular pruning ensures healthy plants and encourages regrowth.

• Remove any yellowing or damaged leaves to direct the plant’s energy toward healthy growth.
• Prune overcrowded areas to improve air circulation and reduce the risk of fungal issues.

4. Pests and Diseases Management

Though scallions are relatively resistant to many issues, they can still face pests and diseases that affect their health. Identifying and managing these problems early is crucial.

• Onion Flies: These pests lay eggs near the base of the plants, and their larvae feed on roots, causing wilting. Cover plants with fine mesh netting to prevent flies from laying eggs. Remove and destroy affected plants to stop the spread.
• Aphids: Aphids cluster on leaves, sucking sap and weakening the plant. Spray plants with a strong jet of water to dislodge aphids or use insecticidal soap or neem oil for severe infestations.
• Thrips: Tiny insects that damage leaves by feeding on their surface, leaving silvery streaks. Introduce beneficial insects like ladybugs or use organic sprays such as garlic or chili pepper solution.
• Fungal Diseases (e.g., Downy Mildew): Symptoms include yellow spots, wilting, and fuzzy growth on leaves. To improve air circulation, space plants should be properly spaced, overhead watering should be avoided, and fungicides should be used if necessary.
• Root Rot is caused by overwatering or poorly drained soil, which leads to wilting and root decay. To prevent root rot, ensure proper drainage, and reduce watering frequency. Use well-draining soil and avoid waterlogged conditions.
• Leaf Blight: Symptoms include browning tips and streaks on leaves caused by fungal or bacterial infections. Remove infected leaves and apply copper-based fungicides.

Harvesting Scallions

Scallions are ready to harvest once they reach the following stages:

1. Height: Scallions typically grow to 6-12 inches tall before being ready for harvest. The green stalks should appear upright and vibrant.
2. Base Thickness: The white base should be about the diameter of a pencil. If it is too thin, allow the plant to grow for a few more days.
3. Timing: Depending on growing conditions, scallions may be ready to harvest 50-70 days after planting seeds. If growers regrow scallions from scraps, they can usually harvest them within 10-14 days.

Techniques for Cutting Scallions

Harvesting scallions correctly ensures regrowth and maintains the health of the plants.

• Use a sharp knife or scissors to cut scallions about 1 inch above the soil line.
• Avoid pulling the entire plant out of the ground to allow the roots to regrow. This method ensures a continuous supply of fresh scallions.
• If growers need the entire plant, they can gently pull it out by loosening the soil around the base with a garden fork.
• This is ideal when growers plan to use both the green stalks and the white base immediately.

Preserving Scallions for Freshness

If growers have a surplus of scallions, preserving them can extend their usability.

1. Freezing

• Wash and dry scallions thoroughly.
• Chop them into small pieces and spread them on a baking sheet in a single layer. Freeze for a few hours, then transfer the frozen pieces to an airtight container or freezer bag.
• Use frozen scallions directly in soups, stews, or stir-fries without thawing.

2. Drying

• Dry scallions to create flakes or powder for seasoning.
• Chop the scallions into small pieces and spread them evenly on a dehydrator tray or baking sheet.
• Dry at a low temperature (about 100°F or 38°C) until they are completely crisp. Store in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.

3. Pickling

• Create pickled scallions for a tangy addition to salads and sandwiches.
• Combine equal parts vinegar and water, add sugar and salt to taste, and immerse the scallions in the mixture. Refrigerate for up to two months.

Benefits of Growing Scallions

Here are the key benefits of growing scallions:

• Low Maintenance: Scallions thrive in various conditions and require minimal care, making them ideal for gardeners with limited time or experience.
• Adaptable: They can be grown in soil, containers, or even water, allowing flexibility for small spaces.
• Fast Growth: Scallions grow quickly, with some varieties ready for harvest in just 50-70 days.

• Indoor Growing: Scallions can be grown indoors on a sunny windowsill, ensuring a continuous supply of fresh greens even in winter.
• Perennial Options: Certain scallion varieties, like Welsh onions, regrow year after year, providing a reliable source of greens.

• Multiple Harvests: Scallions can be harvested multiple times from a single plant by cutting rather than uprooting.
• Regrow from Scraps: Leftover scallion roots can be regrown, eliminating the need to buy new plants or seeds frequently.
• Lower Grocery Bills: Growing the own scallions reduces the need to purchase them regularly, saving money over time.

• Always Fresh: Homegrown scallions are harvested at their peak, ensuring maximum flavor and nutritional value.
• Scallions are versatile in Cooking. They add a mild onion flavor to various dishes, from salads and soups to stir-fries and garnishes.

• Nutritional Value: Scallions are rich in vitamins A, C, and K, as well as antioxidants and minerals like calcium and potassium.

• Low in Calories: They are an excellent addition to a healthy diet, adding flavor without extra calories.
• Immune Support: The compounds in scallions, such as sulfur, have immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory properties.

• No Pesticides: Growing scallions at home eliminates the need for harmful chemicals, making them safer to consume.
• Eco-Friendly: Growing scallions reduces packaging waste and transportation emissions associated with store-bought produce.

FAQs

Do scallions regrow after cutting?

Yes, scallions regrow if you cut them about 1 inch above the root. Keep the roots in soil or water; new green shoots will appear within a week or two.

How long does it take for scallions to grow fully?

Scallions usually take 50-70 days to grow from seeds to full maturity. If regrowing from scraps, they can be ready to harvest in 10-14 days.

Can I grow scallions in pots?

Absolutely! Scallions thrive in pots with well-draining soil and adequate sunlight. They are ideal for small spaces, like balconies or windowsills.

The Bottom Line

Scallions are among the simplest vegetables to grow, requiring little space, effort, or resources. They thrive in small containers, regrow quickly from scraps, and grow well both indoors and outdoors, making them perfect for people living in cities or with limited gardening space.

Homegrown scallions are cost-effective, free from harmful chemicals, eco-friendly, and packed with nutrients. Visit Growcycle to learn more about different varieties of Scallions.

Disclaimer: This material is for informational purposes only and should not be relied on for legal, medical, financial, or any other form of professional advice.

About the Author

Victor Miller

Environmental Journalist Focused on Sustainable Agriculture

Victor Miller is an environmental journalist at Growcycle, specializing in sustainable agriculture. With a passion for storytelling, he highlights the latest trends, innovations, and practices that promote ecological balance and responsible farming.